Water Nuggets Practice Exam

Which water treatment process uses lower pressures and does not remove all mineral content?

1. Ninafiltration

2. Ninofiltratin

3. Nitrification

4. Nanofiltration

The correct answer is: Nanofiltration

The correct answer is associated with a water treatment process that specifically operates at lower pressures compared to other filtration methods, such as reverse osmosis. Nanofiltration utilizes a membrane that allows certain minerals and organic compounds to pass through while effectively reducing larger particles, bacteria, and viruses. This characteristic makes it suitable for applications where a complete removal of all minerals is not desired. Nanofiltration is particularly beneficial in softening hard water, as it can reject divalent and larger ions (like calcium and magnesium) while allowing monovalent ions (like sodium and chloride) to remain in the water. This selective rejection helps maintain some mineral content, making nanofiltration process ideal for applications requiring balanced water treatment, such as in drinking water systems or industrial processes. In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe a process that meets these criteria. For instance, nitrification involves biological processes to convert ammonia into nitrates and is not a filtration method. The terms Ninafiltration and Ninofiltratin do not correspond to recognized water treatment processes.